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2. Literature Review

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2.1.ole of Sustainability in an Urban Built Environment

a.. Many Urban planners and designers had a concept of designing a Utopian concept model
for cities. For example, “The Garden city movement”, by Ebenezer Howard, majorly
focused on creating a more liveable, eco-friendly cities based on few principles generated
by his philosophical thinking. Similarly, “Collage city” by Norbert Schulz stressed that
designing a city needed to preserve indigenous, local identity and History of the place.

b. To increase sustainability in terms of urban design, the design should be focused on
reducing the lifetime environmental impact and should also be focused on reducing energy
and resources used as well as control development in different stages in construction.
Material reusing and recycling is also important for creating a better urban design.

c. There are other parameters as well which would boost in the Sustainability aspect of an
Urban design, they are as follows
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a. uturityustainable Urban design, should be future proof, that is the design so
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implemented should be able to predict how the future may turn out to be and provide
rich opportunities for the future generations (Piri & Tangestanizadeh, 2017).
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b. nvironmental Diversitying diversity within the environment is
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required for the world to sustain. Forceful environmental upgradation can be
detrimental in revitalising the environment and it should be allowed to grow
organically.
Thesis Report V-SPARC VIT
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c. arrying Capacityfers to the capacity of the nature to conduct an
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activity. Carrying capacity is important to understand as it can help us understand the
limits of nature with respect to a human activity.

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d. quity/ Quality of Lifef the people have to be addressed in and
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understood in order for a quality driven sustainable design. Sustainability deals in with
the human condition, and the main objective of the design is to bring in equity/
equality for everyone, especially everyone’s quality of life.
e. ocal Empowermenthe duty of the design to bring about a sense of activity
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or list of opportunities, which can better enhance the communities in an extremely
sustainable manner.

Based on the research so done on the subject of Sustainability in a Built Urban Environment
we can understand that Utilising the aspects of Environmental Diversity, Carrying Capacity,
Quality of life, and Local Empowerment, a design can be formulated which not only affects
the quality of life of people living in it, but can also overall boost the removal of the slow
degradation which is taking place in the world.

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2.2.ental Health In An Urban Built Environment
a. Mental health is directly related to loneliness amongst people in the urban scenario. Even
though most of the urban areas have better facilities and faster access to services, in terms of
their mental conditions, it is extremely severe(For example it was observed the people living
in Germanic cities were much more depressed compared to people living in rural China, It
was also observed in a Danish study that risk of developing schizophrenia was two folds in
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