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2. LITERATURE REVIEW

                                         2.1. Sydney Football Stadium

                     The Government of New South Wales released plans for the new stadium in
                     October 2018, which will replace the original Sydney Football
                     Stadium.Lendlease was chosen in December 2018 to construct the stadium.
                     At first, construction was supposed to start in 2019 and be finished as early
                        Thesis Report V-SPARC VIT
                     as 2022.The government terminated the construction portion of the
                     Lendlease contract in July 2019, after multiplex and John Holland were
                     shortlisted to compete for the work. A $735 million construction contract was
                     given to John Holland in December 2019, which is a $99 million increase
                     over the initial construction and demolition budget. August 28, 2022, marked
                     the completion and opening of the stadium. This stadium cost A$828 million
                     to build in total.

                               2.1.1. Stadium Roof

                     48 large PTFE fabric panels cover the main portion of the highly visible
                     Sydney Football Stadium roof. The biggest panels are more than 40 meters
                     long and 14.5 meters wide. With more than 11km of extremely light,
                     extremely strong aluminum tensioning hardware, the fabric panels are
                     fastened to the steel roof trusses and support beams. Modern glass-fiber
                     fabric spanning 21,708 square meters will shield sports fans from the rain
                     and offer refreshing shade cover as the action picks up on the field.

                     Three thousand five hundred
                     square meters of transparent
                     ETFE panel sections cover the
                     inner ring of the roof. The goal of
                     the 96 incredibly light ETFE
                     polymer panels is to protect
                     spectators in the front rows of
                     the stands from the elements
                     while allowing sunlight to reach
                     the grass playing surface and
                     encourage natural turf growth.
                     More than 1100 x 8mm
                     tensioned stainless-steel cables
                     support the clear panels;
                     approximately 5 kilometers of
                     support cable were used in total.                      Figure 2 – Roof Material


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